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ASP.NET - The DataList Control 数据列表控件

出处:互联网   整理: 软晨网（RuanChen.com）   发布: 2009-03-01   浏览: 846 ::
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The DataList control is, like the Repeater control, used to display a repeated list of items that are bound to the control. However, the DataList control adds a table around the data items by default.
数据列表控件跟转发器控件类似，都是用来显示绑定到控件上重复的项目列。然而数据列表控件在默认的情况下会填加一个含有数据项的表格。

Examples 举例

DataList control

DataList control with styles [带样式的]

DataList control with <AlternatingItemTemplate>

Bind a DataSet to a DataList Control
为数据列表控件绑定数据集

The DataList control may be bound to a database table, an XML file, or another list of items. Here we will show how to bind an XML file to a DataList control.
数据列表控件可以绑定数据表，XML文件，或是其他的项目列。现在我们将演示如何将一个XML文件绑定到数据列表控件上。

We will use the following XML file in our examples ("cdcatalog.xml"):
我们的举例中将会使用下面的这个XML文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<catalog>
<cd>
<title>Empire Burlesque</title>
<artist>Bob Dylan</artist>
<country>USA</country>
<company>Columbia</company>
<price>10.90</price>
<year>1985</year>
</cd>
<cd>
<title>Hide your heart</title>
<artist>Bonnie Tyler</artist>
<country>UK</country>
<company>CBS Records</company>
<price>9.90</price>
<year>1988</year>
</cd>
<cd>
<title>Greatest Hits</title>
<artist>Dolly Parton</artist>
<country>USA</country>
<company>RCA</company>
<price>9.90</price>
<year>1982</year>
</cd>
<cd>
<title>Still got the blues</title>
<artist>Gary Moore</artist>
<country>UK</country>
<company>Virgin records</company>
<price>10.20</price>
<year>1990</year>
</cd>
<cd>
<title>Eros</title>
<artist>Eros Ramazzotti</artist>
<country>EU</country>
<company>BMG</company>
<price>9.90</price>
<year>1997</year>
</cd>
</catalog>

Take a look at the XML file: cdcatalog.xml
你可以先观察一下这个文件：cdcatalog.xml

First, import the "System.Data" namespace. We need this namespace to work with DataSet objects. Include the following directive at the top of an .aspx page:
首先导入 "System.Data" 命名空间。我们需要这个命名空间跟数据集对象一起运作。在.aspx页面的顶部加入以下指令：

<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data" %>

Next, create a DataSet for the XML file and load the XML file into the DataSet when the page is first loaded:
接下来，为XML文件建立一个数据集并当页面在第一次加载的时候将XML载入到数据集中：

<script runat="server">
sub Page_Load
if Not Page.IsPostBack then
 dim mycdcatalog=New DataSet
 mycdcatalog.ReadXml(MapPath("cdcatalog.xml"))
end if
end sub

Then we create a DataList in an .aspx page. The contents of the <HeaderTemplate> element are rendered first and only once within the output, then the contents of the <ItemTemplate> element are repeated for each "record" in the DataSet, and last, the contents of the <FooterTemplate> element are rendered once within the output:
然后我们在.aspx页中建立一个数据列表。<HeaderTemplate> 元素里的内容只会在输出的时候显示一次，然后<ItemTemplate>元素远重复显示数据集里每条“记录”的内容，最后 <FooterTemplate> 元素里的内容也会在输出的时候显示一次：

<html>
<body>
<form runat="server">
<asp:DataList id="cdcatalog" runat="server">
<HeaderTemplate>
...
</HeaderTemplate>
<ItemTemplate>
...
</ItemTemplate>
<FooterTemplate>
...
</FooterTemplate>
</asp:DataList>
</form>
</body>
</html>

Then we add the script that creates the DataSet and binds the mycdcatalog DataSet to the DataList control. We also fill the DataList control with a <HeaderTemplate> that contains the header of the table, an <ItemTemplate> that contains the data items to display, and a <FooterTemplate> that contains a text. Note that the gridlines attribute of the DataList is set to "both" to display table borders:
然后我们加入脚本来建立数据集，并将数据集mycdcatalog绑定到数据列表控件上，我们还使用<HeaderTemplate>来包含了表格的标题，用 <ItemTemplate> 来显示数据条目，并且用<FooterTemplate>来加入一段文字。可以注意到 数据列表中的gridlines 属性被设置为"both"，这样可以显示表格的边框：

<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data" %>
<script runat="server">
sub Page_Load
if Not Page.IsPostBack then
 dim mycdcatalog=New DataSet
 mycdcatalog.ReadXml(MapPath("cdcatalog.xml"))
 cdcatalog.DataSource=mycdcatalog
 cdcatalog.DataBind()
end if
end sub
</script>
<html>
<body>
<form runat="server">
<asp:DataList id="cdcatalog"
gridlines="both" runat="server">
<HeaderTemplate>
My CD Catalog
</HeaderTemplate>
<ItemTemplate>
"<%#Container.DataItem("title")%>" of
<%#Container.DataItem("artist")%> -
$<%#Container.DataItem("price")%>
</ItemTemplate>
<FooterTemplate>
Copyright Hege Refsnes
</FooterTemplate>
</asp:DataList>
</form>
</body>
</html>

 

Using Styles
使用样式

You can also add styles to the DataList control to make the output more fancy:
你还可以为数据表控件加入多个样式，让输出的样子更加充满想象：

<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data" %>
<script runat="server">
sub Page_Load
if Not Page.IsPostBack then
 dim mycdcatalog=New DataSet
 mycdcatalog.ReadXml(MapPath("cdcatalog.xml"))
 cdcatalog.DataSource=mycdcatalog
 cdcatalog.DataBind()
end if
end sub
</script>
<html>
<body>
<form runat="server">
<asp:DataList id="cdcatalog"
runat="server"
cellpadding="2"
cellspacing="2"
borderstyle="inset"
backcolor="#e8e8e8"
width="100%"
headerstyle-font-name="Verdana"
headerstyle-font-size="12pt"
headerstyle-horizontalalign="center"
headerstyle-font-bold="true"
itemstyle-backcolor="#778899"
itemstyle-forecolor="#ffffff"
footerstyle-font-size="9pt"
footerstyle-font-italic="true">
<HeaderTemplate>
My CD Catalog
</HeaderTemplate>
<ItemTemplate>
"<%#Container.DataItem("title")%>" of
<%#Container.DataItem("artist")%> -
$<%#Container.DataItem("price")%>
</ItemTemplate>
<FooterTemplate>
Copyright Hege Refsnes
</FooterTemplate>
</asp:DataList>
</form>
</body>
</html>

 

Using the <AlternatingItemTemplate>
使用<AlternatingItemTemplate>

You can add an <AlternatingItemTemplate> element after the <ItemTemplate> element to describe the appearance of alternating rows of output. You may style the data in the <AlternatingItemTemplate> section within the DataList control:
你可以在<ItemTemplate>元素后加上一个 <AlternatingItemTemplate>元素来描述交叉输出行的外观。你可以在数据列表中的<AlternatingItemTemplate> 区域里样式化数据：

<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data" %>
<script runat="server">
sub Page_Load
if Not Page.IsPostBack then
dim mycdcatalog=New DataSet
mycdcatalog.ReadXml(MapPath("cdcatalog.xml"))
cdcatalog.DataSource=mycdcatalog
cdcatalog.DataBind()
end if
end sub
</script>
<html>
<body>
<form runat="server">
<asp:DataList id="cdcatalog"
runat="server"
cellpadding="2"
cellspacing="2"
borderstyle="inset"
backcolor="#e8e8e8"
width="100%"
headerstyle-font-name="Verdana"
headerstyle-font-size="12pt"
headerstyle-horizontalalign="center"
headerstyle-font-bold="True"
itemstyle-backcolor="#778899"
itemstyle-forecolor="#ffffff"
alternatingitemstyle-backcolor="#e8e8e8"
alternatingitemstyle-forecolor="#000000"
footerstyle-font-size="9pt"
footerstyle-font-italic="True">
<HeaderTemplate>
My CD Catalog
</HeaderTemplate>
<ItemTemplate>
"<%#Container.DataItem("title")%>" of
<%#Container.DataItem("artist")%> -
$<%#Container.DataItem("price")%>
</ItemTemplate>
<AlternatingItemTemplate>
"<%#Container.DataItem("title")%>" of
<%#Container.DataItem("artist")%> -
$<%#Container.DataItem("price")%>
</AlternatingItemTemplate>
<FooterTemplate>
&copy; Hege Refsnes
</FooterTemplate>
</asp:DataList>
</form>
</body>
</html>

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